Philip's Time as King
21 May 1527
Philip II of Spain was born.
Jul 1545
Maria of Portugal, wife of Philip II of Spain, dies in childbirth, when the King's son
Don Carlos (1545-1568) was born.
Jul 1554
Philip II of Spain, the son of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, married Queen Mary I. This
was his second marriage.
Jan 1556
Philip II, son of Charles V, is crowned King of Spain after Charles V abdicates.
5 Feb 1556
Henry II of France and Philip II of Spain signed the truce of Vaucelles.
1556
Charles V, King of Spain and Holy Roman Emperor, abdicated, and ended his days in a
Spanish monastery. He bequeathed Spain to his son Philip II, and the Holy Roman Empire to
his brother Ferdinand I. A few years of peace in Europe followed.
10 Aug 1557
Spanish and English troops in alliance defeated the French at the Battle of St. Quentin.
French troops were defeated by Emmanuel Philibert's Spanish army at St. Quentin, France.
1557
Philip II of Spain, went bankrupt for the first time.
3 Apr 1559
Philip II of Spain and Henry II of France signed the peace of Cateau-Cambresis, ending a
long series of wars between the Hapsburg and Valois dynasties.
1559
The Escorial, an enormous palace built on a grid plan for Philip II, was begun in Madrid.
Jan 1560
Spanish King Philip II marries his thrid wife, Elisabeth van Valois. This cemented the
peace of Cateau-Cambresis between Spain and France which was signed the previous year.1560
Philip II of Spain, went bankrupt for the second time.
23 Sep 1561
Philip II of Spain gave orders to halt colonizing efforts in Florida. The French took
advantage of the opportunity.
1561
Philip II moved his court to Madrid, which was but a village until this time, and
proclaimed Madrid as capital of Spain.
1562
Titian completed the 'Rape of Europa' for Philip II of Spain. It is the most celebrated
of his erotic mythologies.
Mar 1563
League of High Nobles' second protest against King Philip II.
1564
Philip II routes cardinal Granvelle to Franche-Comte.
1566
The first stages of the revolt in the Spanish Netehrlands.
Jan 1567
The reform of Moriscan habits were published in Spain. This stated that the converted
Moors living in Spain could not use Arabic, could not wear traditional Arabic drsss and
had to 'abandon their traditional habits' (a referece to their alleged sexual habits).
1567
The Duke of Alva, a military commander under Philip II of Spain, arrived in the
Netherlands as a military governor and began a reign of terror. Margaret of Parma
resigned the regency.
1568
An eighty year war of independence from Spain was carried on by the Calvinist and
predominantly mercantile Dutch provinces.1568
The revolt of the Moriscos in Spain. The Moriscos were Moors who had converted to
Christinaity who revolted against reform of Moriscan habits introduced in 1567.
1569
King Philip II forms an inquistion in South America.
1570
King Philip II bans foreign Dutch students.
1573
Don John captured Tunis from the Turks for Spain.
1576
Philip II of Spain went bankrupt for the thid time.
1579
The Peace of Arras ensured that the southern provinces of The Netherlands were reconciled
to Philip II.
1580
Spanish king Philip II puts 25,000 gold coins on the head of Prince Willem of Orange.
1580
King Henry of Portugal died leaving no children. The Duke of Alba invaded Portugal and
put it under Spain's rule. Philip II of Spain was proclaimed King of Portugal and united
the colonial empires of Spain and Portugal.
1581
In a series of letters sent from Portugal (1581-1583) Philip II of Spain wrote to his two
daughters about the love of plants and gardening describing a 'sweet lime' (an orange).
1581
Philip II, King of Spain, becomes King of Portugal.
1581
The seven northern provinces of the Netherlands (Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Gelderland,
Overijssel, Friesland, and Groningen) renounced their allegiance to Philip II of Spain1586
King Philip II of Spain decides to invade England.
1587
Pope Sixtus V proclaimed a Catholic crusade for the invasion of England. Philip II
prepared an invasion fleet but was interrupted by Francis Drake, who 'singed the king's
beard' by burning 10,000 tons of shipping in Cadiz harbor.
8 Aug 1588
The Spanish Armada was destroyed. It was shattered around the coasts of the English Isles
by an English fleet under the command of Lord Howard of Effingham with the help of Sir
Francis Drake, Sir John Hawkins, and a violent storm.
Oct 1591
Philip II of Spain sent 12,000 men under Alonso de Vargas to quash the revolt of Aragon
led by Lanuza.
Dec 1591
Philip II of Spain had Lanuza, the leader of the revolt of Aragon, beheaded.
1591
Philip II of Spain bought the Hieronymus Bosch painting 'the Garden of Earthly Delights'.
It hung in the Escorial from this time to 1939 when it was moved to the Prado.
1595
King Philip II names Albrecht of Austria land guardian of Netherlands.
1596
Philip II of Spain went bankrupt for the fourth time.
19 Aug 1597
Don Lorenzo Garcia took posession a land grant, issued by King Philip II, to start the
first official winery for the new world at the San Lorenzo Hacienda in Mexico.
13 Sep 1598
Philip II of Spain, died.
Philip II of Spain was born.
Jul 1545
Maria of Portugal, wife of Philip II of Spain, dies in childbirth, when the King's son
Don Carlos (1545-1568) was born.
Jul 1554
Philip II of Spain, the son of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, married Queen Mary I. This
was his second marriage.
Jan 1556
Philip II, son of Charles V, is crowned King of Spain after Charles V abdicates.
5 Feb 1556
Henry II of France and Philip II of Spain signed the truce of Vaucelles.
1556
Charles V, King of Spain and Holy Roman Emperor, abdicated, and ended his days in a
Spanish monastery. He bequeathed Spain to his son Philip II, and the Holy Roman Empire to
his brother Ferdinand I. A few years of peace in Europe followed.
10 Aug 1557
Spanish and English troops in alliance defeated the French at the Battle of St. Quentin.
French troops were defeated by Emmanuel Philibert's Spanish army at St. Quentin, France.
1557
Philip II of Spain, went bankrupt for the first time.
3 Apr 1559
Philip II of Spain and Henry II of France signed the peace of Cateau-Cambresis, ending a
long series of wars between the Hapsburg and Valois dynasties.
1559
The Escorial, an enormous palace built on a grid plan for Philip II, was begun in Madrid.
Jan 1560
Spanish King Philip II marries his thrid wife, Elisabeth van Valois. This cemented the
peace of Cateau-Cambresis between Spain and France which was signed the previous year.1560
Philip II of Spain, went bankrupt for the second time.
23 Sep 1561
Philip II of Spain gave orders to halt colonizing efforts in Florida. The French took
advantage of the opportunity.
1561
Philip II moved his court to Madrid, which was but a village until this time, and
proclaimed Madrid as capital of Spain.
1562
Titian completed the 'Rape of Europa' for Philip II of Spain. It is the most celebrated
of his erotic mythologies.
Mar 1563
League of High Nobles' second protest against King Philip II.
1564
Philip II routes cardinal Granvelle to Franche-Comte.
1566
The first stages of the revolt in the Spanish Netehrlands.
Jan 1567
The reform of Moriscan habits were published in Spain. This stated that the converted
Moors living in Spain could not use Arabic, could not wear traditional Arabic drsss and
had to 'abandon their traditional habits' (a referece to their alleged sexual habits).
1567
The Duke of Alva, a military commander under Philip II of Spain, arrived in the
Netherlands as a military governor and began a reign of terror. Margaret of Parma
resigned the regency.
1568
An eighty year war of independence from Spain was carried on by the Calvinist and
predominantly mercantile Dutch provinces.1568
The revolt of the Moriscos in Spain. The Moriscos were Moors who had converted to
Christinaity who revolted against reform of Moriscan habits introduced in 1567.
1569
King Philip II forms an inquistion in South America.
1570
King Philip II bans foreign Dutch students.
1573
Don John captured Tunis from the Turks for Spain.
1576
Philip II of Spain went bankrupt for the thid time.
1579
The Peace of Arras ensured that the southern provinces of The Netherlands were reconciled
to Philip II.
1580
Spanish king Philip II puts 25,000 gold coins on the head of Prince Willem of Orange.
1580
King Henry of Portugal died leaving no children. The Duke of Alba invaded Portugal and
put it under Spain's rule. Philip II of Spain was proclaimed King of Portugal and united
the colonial empires of Spain and Portugal.
1581
In a series of letters sent from Portugal (1581-1583) Philip II of Spain wrote to his two
daughters about the love of plants and gardening describing a 'sweet lime' (an orange).
1581
Philip II, King of Spain, becomes King of Portugal.
1581
The seven northern provinces of the Netherlands (Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Gelderland,
Overijssel, Friesland, and Groningen) renounced their allegiance to Philip II of Spain1586
King Philip II of Spain decides to invade England.
1587
Pope Sixtus V proclaimed a Catholic crusade for the invasion of England. Philip II
prepared an invasion fleet but was interrupted by Francis Drake, who 'singed the king's
beard' by burning 10,000 tons of shipping in Cadiz harbor.
8 Aug 1588
The Spanish Armada was destroyed. It was shattered around the coasts of the English Isles
by an English fleet under the command of Lord Howard of Effingham with the help of Sir
Francis Drake, Sir John Hawkins, and a violent storm.
Oct 1591
Philip II of Spain sent 12,000 men under Alonso de Vargas to quash the revolt of Aragon
led by Lanuza.
Dec 1591
Philip II of Spain had Lanuza, the leader of the revolt of Aragon, beheaded.
1591
Philip II of Spain bought the Hieronymus Bosch painting 'the Garden of Earthly Delights'.
It hung in the Escorial from this time to 1939 when it was moved to the Prado.
1595
King Philip II names Albrecht of Austria land guardian of Netherlands.
1596
Philip II of Spain went bankrupt for the fourth time.
19 Aug 1597
Don Lorenzo Garcia took posession a land grant, issued by King Philip II, to start the
first official winery for the new world at the San Lorenzo Hacienda in Mexico.
13 Sep 1598
Philip II of Spain, died.